Van Ijzendoorn & Kroonenberg (1988) conducted a meta-analysis to look at cultural variations in attachment. They compared the rates of secure, insecure avoidant and insecure resistant attachments in 32 studies that had been conducted in 8 different countries and found that although secure attachment was the most common in all cultures, there were cultural variations in attachment. Germany had the highest rate of insecure avoidant and Japan and Israel had the highest rates of insecure resistant.