The effects of FASDs can be significant and lifelong, and include:

• Physical effects: Children with FASDs may have facial abnormalities, growth problems, and brain damage that can lead to intellectual and learning disabilities.
• Behavioral effects: Children with FASDs may exhibit behavioral problems, such as impulsivity, hyperactivity, and difficulty with attention and social skills.
• Developmental effects: Children with FASDs may have delays in language, motor, and cognitive development, and may require special education services or other interventions.

The causes of FASDs are directly related to prenatal alcohol exposure, and the effects can be mitigated by avoiding alcohol during pregnancy.