The treaty sets aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve, and it prohibits military activity on the continent, including the establishment of military bases, fortifications, and weapons testing.

The treaty also encourages scientific research and cooperation in Antarctica, and it established a framework for managing the continent's natural resources. The treaty came into force in 1961 and currently has 53 signatory countries including the United States, Russia, China, and the United Kingdom.

The treaty also includes a protocol on environmental protection which was adopted in 1991, it bans mining and mineral extraction in Antarctica indefinitely and it also sets guidelines for protecting the continent's ecosystem.

The treaty is enforced by the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (ATCM), which is composed of representatives from the signatory countries. The ATCM meets regularly to discuss and make decisions on issues related to Antarctica, including scientific research, environmental protection, and the management of the continent's natural resources.

The Antarctic Treaty is widely considered as a successful example of international cooperation, and it has played an important role in preserving Antarctica as a peaceful and scientific region.