Tax havens are countries or territories that offer low or zero tax rates to individuals or corporations in order to attract their business. They are often characterized by a lack of transparency and weak regulatory oversight, which can make it difficult for governments to enforce their tax laws and collect the taxes that are due.

Tax havens have been a controversial issue for years, with some arguing that they encourage tax evasion and deprive governments of much-needed revenue. On the other hand, proponents of tax havens argue that they provide a competitive environment that encourages investment and economic growth.

There are a number of countries that are commonly considered to be tax havens, including Switzerland, Luxembourg, the Cayman Islands, and Bermuda. However, the definition of a tax haven is not always clear-cut, and it can vary depending on the specific circumstances of each case.